Computer Science and Telecommunications Board

Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences

National Research Council



Contents

Title Page and Notice i
National Academies Statement iii
Committee iv
Preface v
Acknowledgment of Reviewers vii

1 CYBERSECURITY TODAY AND TOMORROW 1
  Background and Introduction 1
  The Nature of Cyberthreats 2
  Causes of System and Network Problems 3
  The Harm from Breaches of Cybersecurity 6
  What Do We Know About Cybersecurity? 7
    General Observations 7
    Management 8
    Operational Considerations 10
    Design and Architectural Considerations 11
  What Can Be Done? 12
    Individual Organizations 13
    Vendors of Computer Systems 13
    Policy Makers 14

2 EXCERPTS FROM EARLIER CSTB REPORTS 17
  Computers at Risk: Safe Computing in the Information Age (1991) 18
    The Cybersecurity Challenge 18
    Fundamentals of Cybersecurity 18
    The Security Experience: Vulnerability, Threat, and Countermeasure 20
    The Asymmetry Between Offense and Defense 20
    Confidence in Countermeasures 21
    On Network Vulnerabilities 21
    Market Influences on Cybersecurity 22
    Nontechnical Dimensions of Cybersecurity 22
  Realizing the Potential of C4I: Fundamental Challenges (1999) 24
    On What a Defense Must Do 24
    On Practice in the Field 31
  Trust in Cyberspace (1999) 33
    Cybersecurity and Other Trustworthiness Qualities Interact 33
    On Managing Risk 33
    Vulnerabilities in the Public Telephone Network and the Internet 35
    On Building Secure Systems and Networks 36
    On the Impact of System Homogeneity ("Monoculture") 37

WHAT IS CSTB? 39











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Copyright 2002 by the National Academy of Sciences
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